Physical reactions to some foods are common, but most are caused by food intolerance rather than food allergy. A food intolerance can cause some of the same signs and symptoms as food allergy, so people often confuse them. A true food allergy causes an immune system reaction that affects many organs in the body. May cause a number of symptoms. In some cases, an allergic food reaction can be severe or life-threatening. In contrast, symptoms of food intolerance are usually less severe and are usually limited to digestive problems.
If you have food intolerance, you can eat small amounts of uncomfortable food without any problems. You can also avoid a reaction. For example, if you have lactose intolerance, you can drink lactose-free milk to help digestion or take lactase enzyme pills (Lactaid).
Causes of food intolerance include:
• Absence of an enzyme required to completely digest a food: Lactose intolerance is a common example.
• Irritable bowel syndrome: This chronic condition may cause cramping, constipation and diarrhea.
• Sensitivity to food additives: For example, sulfides used to protect dried fruits, canned goods and wine can trigger asthma attacks in sensitive people.
• Repetitive stress or psychological factors: Sometimes just a thought of food can make you sick. The reason is not fully understood.
• Celiac disease: Because celiac disease involves the immune system, it has some features of a true food allergy. However, the symptoms are mostly gastrointestinal and people with celiac disease are not at risk for anaphylaxis. This chronic digestive state is triggered by beating gluten, a protein found in wheat and other grains.
If you have a reaction after eating a particular food, see your doctor to determine if you have a food intolerance or food allergy. If you are allergic to food, you may be at risk of life-threatening allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), even if past reactions are moderate. We need to learn how to recognize a serious allergic reaction and what to do, no matter what. You may need to carry an emergency epinephrine needle for emergency self-treatment.
If you have a food intolerance, your doctor may recommend steps to help digest certain foods or to treat the condition that causes the reaction.